美國公布2萬億美元基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施計劃

據(jù)能源信息統(tǒng)計4月4日消息，美國政府公布了一項為期10年、耗資2萬億美元的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施計劃，其中提出了1000億美元的支出，用于升級和建設(shè)該國的電力傳輸系統(tǒng)。該計劃提供了一項有針對性的投資稅收抵免政策，以鼓勵建設(shè)至少20吉瓦的高壓輸電線路，并在能源部內(nèi)部創(chuàng)建一個新的電網(wǎng)部署機構(gòu)，以利用現(xiàn)有的公路和鐵路通行權(quán)。

白宮提議將清潔能源生產(chǎn)和儲存的投資和生產(chǎn)稅收抵免延長10年，并制定能源效率和清潔電力標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(EECES)，以減少電費和電力污染。該國計劃到2035年實現(xiàn)100%無碳發(fā)電。該計劃包括投資160億美元，用于堵塞零散的油氣井，恢復(fù)和回收廢棄的煤礦、硬巖和鈾礦。

此外，美國將投資1740億美元以擴大電動汽車市場并投資350億美元開發(fā)清潔能源技術(shù)，其中包括150億美元用于示范項目，例如公用事業(yè)規(guī)模的儲能,碳捕集與封存(CCS)、氫能、先進的核能、稀土元素分離、浮動海上風(fēng)能、生物燃料和產(chǎn)品、量子計算以及電動汽車。最后，白宮計劃支出6210億美元用于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的實體基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和現(xiàn)代化的公共交通，2130億美元用于建造、保護和翻新超過200萬幢住宅和商業(yè)建筑。

裘寅 編譯自 enerdata

原文如下：

The United States unveils a US$2,000bn infrastructure plan

The US administration has unveiled a 10-year US$2,000bn infrastructure plan, which proposes US$100bn in spending to upgrade and build out the country’s electric transmission system. The plan provides a targeted investment tax credit that incentivises the buildout of at least 20 GW of high-voltage capacity power lines and creates a new Grid Deployment Authority within the Department of Energy empowered to leverage existing rights-of-way along roads and railways.

The White House proposes to extent for a decade the investment and production tax credits for clean energy generation and storage and establish an Energy Efficiency and Clean Electricity Standard (EECES) aimed at cutting electricity bills and electricity pollution. The country intends to achieve 100% carbon-free power mix by 2035. The plan includes US$16bn to plug orphan oil and gas wells and restoring and reclaiming abandoned coal, hard rock, and uranium mines.

In addition, the country will invest US$174bn to boost the markets for electric vehicles and US$35bn to develop clean energy technology, including US$15bn in demonstrations projects such utility-scale energy storage, carbon capture and storage (CCS), hydrogen, advanced nuclear, rare earth element separations, floating offshore wind, biofuel and bioproducts, quantum computing, and electric vehicles. Finally, the White House plans to spend US$621bn for standard physical infrastructure and modernising public transit and US$213bn to produce, preserve, and retrofit more than 2 million homes and commercial buildings.