西班牙批準(zhǔn)氫能源戰(zhàn)略以刺激低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)

據(jù)管道&天然氣雜志網(wǎng)10月7日馬德里路透社報(bào)道，西班牙周二批準(zhǔn)了一項(xiàng)促進(jìn)清潔氫生產(chǎn)的計(jì)劃，旨在建設(shè)足夠的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，使其在歐洲市場(chǎng)上發(fā)揮重要作用，以獲得被視為實(shí)現(xiàn)國際碳排放目標(biāo)關(guān)鍵的燃料。

歐盟正在努力發(fā)展其利用可再生能源生產(chǎn)氫的能力，這種氫在重工業(yè)中被廣泛使用，目前這種生產(chǎn)成本過高。

西班牙希望其發(fā)達(dá)的天然氣儲(chǔ)存和運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)，加上充足的陽光和多風(fēng)的山坡，使其成為可再生能源工廠的主要基地，最終將幫助該國生產(chǎn)足夠的燃料用于出口。

據(jù)馬德里估算，未來10年，其氫能源計(jì)劃將耗資89億歐元(合105億美元)。預(yù)計(jì)這些資金大部分將來自私營(yíng)部門，但也可能支持創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的項(xiàng)目。

西班牙能源和環(huán)境部在一份聲明中表示，到2030年，西班牙計(jì)劃安裝4吉瓦的電解槽，將水分解為氫和氧，這相當(dāng)于歐盟在整個(gè)歐盟地區(qū)40吉瓦的目標(biāo)的十分之一。

其計(jì)劃在2024年之前以300-600兆瓦的功率運(yùn)行。到那時(shí)，歐盟有望達(dá)到6吉瓦。

該計(jì)劃將以可再生能源的方式取代工業(yè)每年消耗的近50萬噸化石氫中的四分之一，并將數(shù)千輛氫動(dòng)力汽車投入西班牙的公路和鐵路。

法國已承諾在未來兩年內(nèi)為氫能項(xiàng)目投入20億歐元，而工業(yè)強(qiáng)國德國已承諾到2030年投入90億歐元。

西班牙本土能源巨頭Iberdrola正在西班牙一座前煤礦城鎮(zhèn)附近建設(shè)一個(gè)被稱為歐洲最大的此類工業(yè)項(xiàng)目，耗資1.5億歐元。

與此同時(shí)，油氣集團(tuán)雷普索爾(Repsol)計(jì)劃與沙特阿美合作，在其位于西班牙北部的煉油廠使用綠色氫氣生產(chǎn)合成燃料。

郝芬 譯自 管道&天然氣雜志網(wǎng)

原文如下：

Spain Approves Hydrogen Strategy to Spur Low-Carbon Economy

Spain approved on Tuesday a plan to boost clean hydrogen production, aiming to build enough infrastructure to give it a major role in Europe's market for a fuel seen as key to meeting international carbon emissions targets.

The European Union is pushing to develop its capacity to produce hydrogen, widely used in heavy industry, from renewable power sources, currently a prohibitively expensive process.

Spain hopes its well-developed gas storage and transport system, combined with the plentiful sunshine and windy hillsides that make it a prime location for renewable energy plants, will eventually help it make enough of the fuel to export.

Madrid calculates that its hydrogen ambitions will cost 8.9 billion euros ($10.5 billion) over the next 10 years. It expects most of this to come from the private sector but may support projects that create jobs.

By 2030, Spain aims to install 4 gigawatts-worth of the electrolyzers needed to split water into hydrogen and oxygen, one tenth of the EU's target for 40 gigawatts across the bloc, the energy and environment ministry said in a statement.

It intends to hit the ground running with 300-600 MW by 2024. The EU wants 6 gigawatts by then.

The plan is to replace a quarter of the almost 500,000 tonnes of fossil-based hydrogen consumed by industry every year with the renewably-sourced version, and put thousands of hydrogen-powered vehicles on Spain's roads and railways.

France has pledged 2 billion euros for hydrogen projects over the next two years, while industrial powerhouse Germany has earmarked 9 billion euros by 2030.

Homegrown energy giant Iberdrola is building what it describes as Europe's biggest such project for industrial use near a former coal-mining town in Spain, for 150 million euros.

Oil and gas group Repsol, meanwhile, plans to produce synthetic fuels using green hydrogen at its northern Spanish refinery in partnership with Saudi oil giant Saudi Aramco.