綠色氫成本下降 但仍還不夠

據(jù)能源之聲網(wǎng)站9月14日報(bào)道 專家們在CMS律師事務(wù)所舉辦的一次網(wǎng)絡(luò)研討會上表示，過去十年，電解槽的成本大幅下降，但在2030年之前，電-氣技術(shù)將無法與化石氫相競爭。

與其他技術(shù)相比，可再生氫開發(fā)的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵障礙是相對較高的啟動成本，這意味著需要政府補(bǔ)貼才能讓項(xiàng)目落地。

CMS駐維也納的合作伙伴Bernt Elsner在網(wǎng)絡(luò)研討會上表示，可再生氫項(xiàng)目的估計(jì)成本為2.5-5.5歐元/千克，相比之下，含碳捕獲與儲存（CCS）的化石氫項(xiàng)目成本為2歐元/千克，不含碳捕獲與儲存（CCS）的化石氫項(xiàng)目成本為1.5歐元/千克?；瘹涫怯商烊粴猱a(chǎn)生的氫氣，在較小程度上是由煤產(chǎn)生，是當(dāng)今主導(dǎo)氫市場的技術(shù)。

然而，在過去的十年里，電解槽的成本降低了60%，預(yù)計(jì)到2030年，成本將進(jìn)一步降低50%。Elsner表示，到2030年，風(fēng)能和太陽能發(fā)電相對便宜的地區(qū)有望與化石氫競爭。

他說：“這意味著在2030年之前，國家補(bǔ)貼將是促進(jìn)清潔氫的必要手段。歐盟能源和氣候國家援助指南的審查預(yù)計(jì)將在2021年進(jìn)行。預(yù)計(jì)這些指導(dǎo)方針將有助于澄清哪些國家對氫項(xiàng)目的補(bǔ)貼有資格獲得布魯塞爾的國家援助批準(zhǔn)?！?/span>

此外，歐盟預(yù)計(jì)將在未來幾年加大對清潔氫項(xiàng)目的資助力度，這是歐盟在7月份啟動的氫戰(zhàn)略中所規(guī)定。風(fēng)能和太陽能產(chǎn)生的可再生氫為優(yōu)先考慮，該路線圖要求到2030年，歐洲的電解產(chǎn)能將達(dá)到40吉瓦，北非和烏克蘭等歐洲鄰國的產(chǎn)能將進(jìn)一步達(dá)到40吉瓦。

王磊 摘譯自 能源之聲

原文如下：

Green hydrogen costs fall, but not quite enough

The cost of electrolysers have fallen sharply over the last decade, but power-to-gas technologies will not be competitive with fossil-based hydrogen before 2030, panelists told a webinar hosted by CMS law firm.

One key barrier for renewable hydrogen development is the relatively high start-up costs compared with other technologies. This means there is a need for government subsidies to get projects off the ground.

Bernt Elsner, a Vienna-based partner with CMS, told the webinar that the estimated costs for renewable hydrogen projects is €2.5-5.5/kg, compared with €2/kg for fossil-based hydrogen with carbon capture and storage (CCS) and €1.5/kg for fossil-based hydrogen without CCS. Fossil-based hydrogen is hydrogen produced by natural gas and, to a lesser extent, coal and is the technology that dominates the hydrogen market today.

However, the cost of electrolysers has been reduced by 60% in the last ten years and a further 50% cost reduction is expected by 2030. Regions with relatively cheap electricity produced by wind and solar are expected to be able to compete with fossil hydrogen by 2030, said Elsner.

“This means that until 2030 state subsidies will be necessary to promote clean hydrogen,” he said. Elsner noted that a review of the EU’s state aid guidelines for energy and climate was expected in 2021. The guidelines are expected to help clarify which type of national subsidies for hydrogen projects that will qualify for state aid approval by Brussels.

Moreover, the EU is expected to scale up its funding for clean hydrogen projects over the coming years as stipulated in its hydrogen strategy launched in July. Renewable hydrogen produced by wind and solar is a priority. The roadmap calls for 40 GW of electrolysis capacity in Europe by 2030, and a further 40 GW in Europe’s “neighbourhood” such as North Africa and the Ukraine.