超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)和高速互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是運(yùn)營(yíng)油氣田的關(guān)鍵

據(jù)今日石油網(wǎng)2020年6月5日?qǐng)?bào)道，開(kāi)發(fā)能源需要一個(gè)大的工具箱，它需要依靠詳細(xì)的地質(zhì)調(diào)查來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)石油和天然氣，需要依靠高性能的鉆井平臺(tái)來(lái)進(jìn)入儲(chǔ)油層，最后，需要依靠可靠的運(yùn)輸原油或天然氣的能力。美國(guó)石油巨頭埃克森美孚公司日前表示，開(kāi)發(fā)能源還需要依靠強(qiáng)大的超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)和高速互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來(lái)成功運(yùn)營(yíng)他們的油氣田。

在開(kāi)始生產(chǎn)之前，地球科學(xué)家，工程師和計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家首先要建立一個(gè)石油或天然氣埋藏在地下深處儲(chǔ)集層的數(shù)字模型。如今，隨著越來(lái)越多的石油和天然氣儲(chǔ)藏在難以開(kāi)采的地區(qū)，計(jì)算機(jī)演算法將提高安全運(yùn)行和商業(yè)成功井的機(jī)會(huì)。

這些建立在大量數(shù)據(jù)之上的復(fù)雜模型需要花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間來(lái)構(gòu)建。但是?？松梨诠镜囊唤M科學(xué)家已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)出了突破性的軟件，能夠在幾分鐘而不是幾天內(nèi)開(kāi)發(fā)出模型。

這個(gè)里程碑是在伊利諾伊大學(xué)的國(guó)家超級(jí)計(jì)算應(yīng)用中心實(shí)現(xiàn)的，該中心擁有世界上最強(qiáng)大的被稱為“藍(lán)色水域”的超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)之一。除了能源，這個(gè)平臺(tái)還支持從物理學(xué)到火山研究等領(lǐng)域的先進(jìn)研究。

?？松梨诠镜难芯宽?xiàng)目涉及22000多臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)，總共擁有70多萬(wàn)臺(tái)處理器。這足夠每秒進(jìn)行1千萬(wàn)億次計(jì)算。計(jì)算機(jī)的磁盤(pán)存儲(chǔ)空間大到足以存儲(chǔ)世界上所有圖書(shū)館的所有打印文件。

不過(guò)，這項(xiàng)成就并不僅僅在于原始的計(jì)算機(jī)能力，還在于巧妙地處理這些單獨(dú)的機(jī)器以有效地相互聯(lián)系并最終快速而準(zhǔn)確地建立儲(chǔ)層模型的能力。

這一突破將加快油氣儲(chǔ)量的開(kāi)發(fā)，有助于滿足世界對(duì)安全可靠能源日益增長(zhǎng)的需求。

李峻 編譯自 今日石油

原文如下：

Supercomputers, high-speed internet key to operating oil fields

Developing energy requires a big toolbox. It relies on detailed geological surveys to find the oil and gas, high-performance drilling platforms to access the reservoirs and, finally, the ability to transport the crude or natural gas responsibly. US oil major ExxonMobil has said energy companies also depend on powerful supercomputers to successfully operate their oil and gas fields.

Before initiating production, geoscientists, engineers, and computer scientists first build out a digital replica of the reservoirs where the oil or gas is buried deep beneath the ground. These days, with more and more oil and gas reserves stored in hard-to-access areas, computer algorithms increase the chance of operating safe and commercially successful wells.

These complex models, built on reams of data, take a lot of time to build. But a group of ExxonMobil scientists has developed breakthrough software that is able to develop the models in minutes rather than days.

This milestone was achieved at the University of Illinois’ National Center for Supercomputing Applications, home to one of the world’s most powerful supercomputers, known as Blue Waters. In addition to energy, the platform supports advanced research in fields ranging from physics to the study of volcanoes.

The ExxonMobil research project involved more than 22,000 computers, which combined, held more than 700,000 processors. That’s enough computing power to perform 1 quadrillion calculations every second. The computer’s disk storage space is large enough to store all of the printed documents in all of the world’s libraries.

The achievement, though, isn’t just about raw computer power, but also the ability to finesse these individual machines to effectively communicate with one another and ultimately build the reservoir models quickly and accurately.

The breakthrough will speed up the development of oil and gas reserves that will help supply the world’s ever-expanding demand for safe and reliable energy.