可再生能源首次超過(guò)油氣為英國(guó)提供40％的電力

據(jù)能源之聲5月21日消息稱(chēng)，分析顯示，今年前三個(gè)月，可再生能源發(fā)電量占英國(guó)總發(fā)電量的40%以上，首次超過(guò)化石燃料。

風(fēng)力發(fā)電場(chǎng)在電力結(jié)構(gòu)中與天然氣競(jìng)爭(zhēng)榜首，發(fā)電量占總發(fā)電量的30.5%，僅次于化石燃料，后者在1月至3月間占總發(fā)電量的30.6%。

今年2月，英國(guó)遭遇了有記錄以來(lái)最潮濕、風(fēng)力最強(qiáng)的嚴(yán)重冬季風(fēng)暴，這是有記錄以來(lái)的第一個(gè)月，全國(guó)風(fēng)力發(fā)電場(chǎng)的發(fā)電量超過(guò)了燃?xì)獍l(fā)電站。

倫敦帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院學(xué)者為Drax Electric Insights做的分析還顯示，自3月底開(kāi)始的限電令，導(dǎo)致工作日的用電量下降了13%。

工業(yè)、辦公室、學(xué)校中機(jī)械、電腦、燈和加熱器的使用減少，以及電軌、有軌電車(chē)、地鐵服務(wù)的減少導(dǎo)致工作日電力需求降至1982年以來(lái)的最低水平。

該研究稱(chēng)，盡管由于人們白天呆在家里，家庭用電量有所增加，但對(duì)于工作日的電力需求來(lái)說(shuō)，這“就像度過(guò)了一個(gè)月的星期天”，而在周末，電網(wǎng)的用電量甚至更少。

禁令對(duì)碳排放產(chǎn)生了影響，英國(guó)電力生產(chǎn)的排放量比去年同期下降了35%。

與去年同期相比，暴風(fēng)雨條件下創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的風(fēng)力發(fā)電量使化石燃料發(fā)電量下降了25%。

與2019年第一季度相比，每單位發(fā)電量的排放量下降了20%。

這一趨勢(shì)將持續(xù)下去，今年將有更多大型海上風(fēng)力發(fā)電場(chǎng)投入使用。

曹海斌 摘譯自 能源之聲

原文如下：

Renewable energy powers 40% of UK as it outstrips oil and gas for first time, analysis shows

Renewables generated more than 40% of Britain’s power in the first three months of the year – overtaking fossil fuels for the first time, analysis shows.

Wind farms were vying for top spot with gas in the electricity mix, generating 30.5% of power, just behind fossil fuels which contributed 30.6% between January and March.

Severe winter storms in the wettest and windiest February since records began helped make it first month on record when more electricity was produced by wind farms than gas-fired power stations across the country.

Analysis by academics from Imperial College London for Drax Electric Insights also shows that weekday power consumption fell by 13% as a result of the lockdown which began in late March.

A lack of machinery, computers, lights and heaters being used in industry, offices and schools, and a reduction in electric rail, tram and Tube services led to weekday electricity demand falling to its lowest levels since 1982.

Although domestic power use increased due to people being at home in the day, it is “l(fā)ike living through a month of Sundays” for weekday power demand, while weekends have seen even less electricity needed on the grid, the study said.

The lockdown has seen an impact on carbon pollution, with emissions from British power production falling 35% on the same period last year.

Record levels of wind power in the stormy conditions helped push down electricity generation from fossil fuels 25% compared with the same period last year.

Emissions per unit of power produced were down 20% on the first quarter of 2019.

The trend is set to continue, with more large offshore wind farms coming online this year.