挪威使用410億美元石油基金以支持經(jīng)濟(jì)

據(jù)今日油價(jià)5月13日消息，挪威今年將利用其創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的1萬(wàn)億美元石油基金（世界上最大的主權(quán)財(cái)富基金）的石油收入來(lái)?應(yīng)對(duì)新冠病毒疫情和低油價(jià)造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷。

西歐最大的石油生產(chǎn)國(guó)政府幾十年來(lái)從石油收入中積累了超過(guò)1萬(wàn)億美元的資金，周二提出了2020年的修訂預(yù)算，要求從該基金中使用410億美元(4,196億挪威克朗)。這筆款項(xiàng)將占基金年初估值的4.2%。

挪威很少使用超過(guò)3%的政府全球養(yǎng)老基金，因?yàn)榕餐氖突鹗潜娝苤摹?/span>

財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)Jan Tore Sanner在一份聲明中表示:“在目前的情況下，增加支出是必要的，這既是為了避免更嚴(yán)重的衰退，也是為了幫助健康的公司度過(guò)危機(jī)，這樣他們就可以在正常情況下創(chuàng)造就業(yè)和增長(zhǎng)。”

與世界其他國(guó)家一樣，挪威的經(jīng)濟(jì)也受到了社會(huì)疏遠(yuǎn)措施的打擊，而作為該國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)主要貢獻(xiàn)者的石油和天然氣行業(yè)，也受到了低油價(jià)的影響。

上周，挪威出人意料地將其主要政策利率下調(diào)至0%，理由是油價(jià)暴跌以及疫情造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)急劇下滑。

挪威央行(Norges Bank)在一份聲明中表示：“疫情對(duì)周邊國(guó)家的嚴(yán)重影響和油價(jià)的大幅下跌加劇了經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷。較低的油價(jià)導(dǎo)致克朗匯率走弱?！贝饲?，該行出人意料地將挪威克朗利率下調(diào)了25個(gè)基點(diǎn)至零。

為了支持全球支撐油價(jià)和緩解供應(yīng)過(guò)剩的努力，挪威已決定在6月將原油日產(chǎn)量削減25萬(wàn)桶，然后在2020年剩余時(shí)間將日產(chǎn)量維持在13.4萬(wàn)桶的較低水平。這是挪威自2002年以來(lái)首次加入減產(chǎn)行列。然而當(dāng)年911恐怖襲擊后石油價(jià)格跌至每桶20美元以下時(shí)，挪威在當(dāng)年上半年僅將石油日產(chǎn)量降低了15萬(wàn)桶。

裘寅 編譯自 今日油價(jià)

原文如下：

Norway Takes $41 Billion From Oil Fund To Bolster Economy

Norway is set to use a record amount of petroleum revenues from its US$1-trillion oil fund – the world’s largest sovereign wealth fund – this year to counter the economic slump from the COVID-19 pandemic and low oil prices.

The government of Western Europe’s largest oil producer, whose wealth fund has amassed more than US$1 trillion from petroleum revenues over the decades – proposed on Tuesday a revised budget for 2020, which calls for using US$41 billion (419.6 billion Norwegian crowns) from the fund. This sum would account for 4.2 percent of the estimated value of the fund at the beginning of this year.

Norway has rarely used more than 3 percent of the Government Pension Fund Global, as Norway’s oil fund is officially known.

“‘Increased spending has been a necessity in the current situation – both to avoid an even sharper downturn and to help healthy companies through the crisis so they can create jobs and growth when normal circumstances return,” Finance Minister Jan Tore Sanner said in a statement.

Norway’s economy has been hit by the social distancing measures like every other country around the world, while the oil and gas sector – a major contributor to the economy – is also suffering from the low oil prices after oil demand crashed in the pandemic.

Last week, Norway slashed its key policy rate to 0 percent in a surprise move, citing the oil price crash and the sharp drop in economic activity as a result of the pandemic.

“The downturn is amplified by the severe impact of the pandemic on surrounding countries and by a sharp fall in oil prices. Lower oil prices have contributed to weakening the krone exchange rate,” Norges Bank said in a statement, after delivering what analysts described a ‘surprise’ cut by 25 basis points to zero.

In a bid to support global efforts to prop up oil prices and ease the glut, Norway has decided it would cut its crude oil production by 250000 bpd in June, and then maintain a 134,000-bpd lower rate of production for the rest of 2020. This is the first time Norway has joined oil production cuts since 2002. Then, Norway reduced its production rate by 150,000 bpd over the first half of the year, after oil fell below $20 a barrel following the 9/11 terrorist attacks.