IEA:礦產(chǎn)對(duì)能源轉(zhuǎn)型至關(guān)重要

據(jù)今日油價(jià)5月7日?qǐng)?bào)道，國(guó)際能源署(IEA)表示，疫情凸顯了全球供應(yīng)鏈的脆弱性，包括一些潔能源技術(shù)所必需的關(guān)鍵礦產(chǎn)，而世界需要可靠的鋰、鈷、鎳、銅、鉑和稀土供應(yīng)。

大流行和世界上許多國(guó)家前所未有的封鎖已導(dǎo)致關(guān)鍵礦物的采礦活動(dòng)顯著減少。秘魯?shù)你~礦開采量占全球銅礦產(chǎn)量的12%，在封鎖期間停止開采，而南非的鉑金生產(chǎn)也中斷了。國(guó)際能源署稱，南非的封鎖中斷了全球75%的鉑產(chǎn)量。

IEA表示:“盡管隨著全球需求下滑，許多重要礦產(chǎn)的價(jià)格都出現(xiàn)了下跌，但最近的事態(tài)發(fā)展突顯出，世界不應(yīng)想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為有安全的供應(yīng)是理所當(dāng)然的。當(dāng)前市場(chǎng)形勢(shì)凸顯出為實(shí)現(xiàn)清潔能源的未來(lái)，監(jiān)測(cè)礦產(chǎn)供應(yīng)安全的必要性”。

該機(jī)構(gòu)表示，由于清潔能源技術(shù)和解決方案的增加，預(yù)計(jì)未來(lái)幾年對(duì)關(guān)鍵礦物的需求將激增。

此前，國(guó)際能源署示，隨著世界走向清潔能源的未來(lái)，電池和制氫電解槽是兩項(xiàng)最重要的技術(shù)。

IEA表示:“對(duì)電池和電解槽制造業(yè)的支持，也是各國(guó)政府的一個(gè)戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇，以確保本國(guó)產(chǎn)業(yè)擺脫當(dāng)前危機(jī)，為未來(lái)國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)際市場(chǎng)增長(zhǎng)做好準(zhǔn)備，并能夠預(yù)見(jiàn)技術(shù)方面的潛在瓶頸?！?/span>

國(guó)際能源署執(zhí)行主任法提赫?比羅爾(Fatih Birol)表示：“鋰離子電池和氫電解槽已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好迎接新時(shí)代。這兩項(xiàng)技術(shù)有許多共同之處，非常適合大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)，納入復(fù)蘇計(jì)劃可以降低成本，使它們成為現(xiàn)代能源體系的基石?！?/span>

洪偉立 摘譯自 今日油價(jià)

原文如下：

IEA: These Minerals Are Essential For The Energy Transition

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the vulnerability of global supply chains, including those of critical minerals essential for a number of clean energy technologies, while the world needs reliable supplies of lithium, cobalt, nickel, copper, platinum, and rare earths, the International Energy Agency (IEA) said in an analysis this week.

The pandemic and the unprecedented lockdowns in many countries around the world have led to significant declines in the mining activities of critical minerals. Copper mining in Peru—accounting for 12 percent of global copper production—ground to a halt in the lockdown, while platinum production in South Africa was also disrupted. The lockdown in South Africa disrupted much as 75 percent of global platinum production, the IEA said.

“Although prices for many important minerals have fallen as global demand has slumped, recent developments have highlighted a number of reasons why the world should not take secure supplies for granted,” the Paris-based agency said.

The COVID-19 pandemic “has underscored the need to monitor the security of minerals supply for a clean energy future,” the IEA noted.

Demand for critical minerals is expected to boom in the coming years due to the increase of clean energy technologies and solutions, according to the agency.

Earlier this month, the IEA said in an analysis that batteries and hydrogen-producing electrolyzers are two of the most important technologies as the world moves to a clean energy future.

“And support for battery and electrolyser manufacturing is also a strategic opportunity for governments to ensure that their industries come out of the Covid-19 crisis stronger than before, ready to supply future domestic and international growth markets and able to anticipate potential bottlenecks in technologies,” the IEA said.

“Lithium-ion batteries & hydrogen electrolysers are ready for the BIG time. They have many things in common & are well suited to mass manufacturing. Putting them in recovery plans can push their costs down & make them cornerstones of modern energy systems,” the IEA’s Executive Director Fatih Birol said on Sunday.