油氣供應(yīng)鏈由于疫情影響出現(xiàn)缺口

據(jù)油氣新聞網(wǎng)站5月5日報(bào)道 領(lǐng)先的數(shù)據(jù)和分析公司GlobalData表示，社交距離正直接影響全球旅游、物流和物資處理，并可能在石油和天然氣供應(yīng)鏈上造成缺口，需要一段時(shí)間才能修復(fù)。

該公司的報(bào)告《案例研究：對石油和天然氣供應(yīng)鏈的影響》指出，隨著各國試圖遏制疫情傳播，全球貿(mào)易和運(yùn)輸實(shí)際上已經(jīng)停止，工業(yè)活動也急劇下降。

GlobalData的石油和天然氣分析師Ravindra Puranik評論道：“這場前所未有的災(zāi)難正在破壞全球石油和天然氣需求，并擾亂整個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。生產(chǎn)商、設(shè)備和服務(wù)提供商、工程采購和施工（EPC）承包商、儲運(yùn)公司、車隊(duì)運(yùn)營商、貿(mào)易商和營銷商的日?；顒蝇F(xiàn)在要么被推遲，要么被取消。”

國際能源署（IEA）預(yù)計(jì)，2020年4月COVID-19的石油需求將下降至2900萬桶/日，2020年第二季度為2310萬桶/日。盡管歐佩克+成員國已同意減產(chǎn)970萬桶/日，以抵消需求放緩的影響，但只要疫情繼續(xù)存在，供應(yīng)可能在不久的將來超過需求。

Puranik補(bǔ)充道：“需求的缺乏對油氣存儲造成了壓力，目前油氣存儲正逐漸接近滿負(fù)荷。因此，石油生產(chǎn)商和貿(mào)易商將油輪作為浮式儲油船，從而導(dǎo)致油輪租船費(fèi)率飆升?！?/span>

“此外，為遏制疫情而引入的監(jiān)管措施限制了勞動力的可用性，并影響了油氣設(shè)施和進(jìn)出口終端的吞吐量。工廠關(guān)閉也影響了設(shè)備供應(yīng)，從而導(dǎo)致整個(gè)價(jià)值鏈的項(xiàng)目延誤和延期?！?/span>

王磊 摘譯自 油氣新聞

原文如下：

Covid-19 disrupts oil and gas supply chains

Social distancing is directly affecting global travel, logistics and material handling, as well as potentially creating gaps along the oil and gas supply chain that will take some time to fix, says GlobalData, a leading data and analytics company.

The company’s report, ‘Coronavirus (COVID-19) Case Study: Impact on Oil & Gas Supply Chain’, notes that global trade and transportation have virtually come to a halt as countries attempt to contain the spread of COVID-19. Industrial activity has also plummeted.

Ravindra Puranik, Oil & Gas Analyst at GlobalData, comments: “This unprecedented catastrophe is destroying global oil and gas demand and unsettling the entire ecosystem. Daily activities of producers, equipment and service providers, engineering procurement and construction (EPC) contractors, storage and transportation companies, fleet operators, traders and marketers are now either delayed or canceled.”

The International Energy Agency (IEA) anticipates the fall in oil demand from COVID-19 to be 29 million barrels per day (bpd) for April 2020 and 23.1 million bpd for Q2 2020. Although Opec+ members have agreed to cut 9.7 million bpd of their output to offset the demand slowdown, supply is likely to be in excess of the demand in the near future as long as the disease persists.

Puranik adds: “Lack of demand is weighing on liquid storage, which is now edging towards full capacity. Consequently, oil producers and traders are turning to oil tankers as floating storage, thus leading to a surge in tanker chartering rates.

“Moreover, regulatory constraints introduced for containing COVID-19 are limiting workforce availability and affecting throughput at oil and gas facilities and import-export terminals alike. Factory closures are also affecting equipment supply and resulting in project delays and postponements across the value chain.”