美國(guó)陸上鉆井作業(yè)出現(xiàn)14年來最大跌幅

據(jù)彭博社休斯頓報(bào)道，油價(jià)低于零的余波時(shí)下正在以前所未見速度加速美國(guó)石油勘探作業(yè)的驟降。

根據(jù)貝克休斯公司日前公布的最新統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，美國(guó)陸上油田的鉆井作業(yè)出現(xiàn)了14年來的最大跌幅。就在幾天前，WTI價(jià)格跌至每桶-40.32美元，這是原油價(jià)格迄今為止前所未聞的暴跌。

自3月中旬以來，由于全球各地燃料需求下降和疫情造成的金融危機(jī)愈演愈烈，美國(guó)已有45%的在用鉆機(jī)處于閑置狀態(tài)，這是美國(guó)有史以來最嚴(yán)重的連續(xù)6周在用鉆機(jī)數(shù)的減少。就在去年，這個(gè)行業(yè)還無法以足夠快的速度找到工人或設(shè)備來滿足勘探作業(yè)的需求。由于勘探企業(yè)取消更多合同，放棄一些項(xiàng)目以等待油價(jià)崩盤結(jié)束，這一行業(yè)遭受的全面破壞可能會(huì)進(jìn)一步惡化。

貝克休斯公司公布的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，美國(guó)鉆探公司在4月24日當(dāng)周，閑置了60部在用鉆機(jī)，美國(guó)全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)在用的鉆機(jī)數(shù)量減少到了378部。按百分比計(jì)算，4月24日當(dāng)周在用鉆機(jī)數(shù)減少比例是自2006年2月以來最糟糕的。

位于西德克薩斯州和新墨西哥州的二疊紀(jì)盆地當(dāng)周在用鉆機(jī)減少數(shù)占美國(guó)總減少數(shù)的62%，這對(duì)該行業(yè)來說是個(gè)不祥之兆，因?yàn)樵摰貐^(qū)多年來一直是美國(guó)僅有的幾個(gè)仍在盈利的地區(qū)之一。

德克薩斯州南部、北達(dá)科他州、懷俄明州、科羅拉多州和俄克拉荷馬州的頁巖勘探也有所下降。

貝克休斯公司的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)公布時(shí)，美國(guó)基準(zhǔn)原油期貨交易價(jià)格約為每桶17美元。就在今年1月的第二周，油價(jià)還在每桶65美元以上。

李峻 編譯自 彭博社

原文如下：

Onshore drilling in the U.S. drops the most in 14 years

The fallout from sub-zero oil prices is accelerating the slump in U.S. crude exploration to a pace never seen before.

Drilling in onshore American fields fell the most in 14 years this week, according to data released just days after benchmark New York-traded crude futures sank to minus $40.32 a barrel in a heretofore unheard of crash.

As the financial wreckage piles up from cratering fuel demand and Covid-19 lockdowns around the world, drillers have idled 45% of U.S. oil rigs since mid March -- the worst-ever six-week decline. The wholesale devastation of a sector that as recently as last year couldn’t find workers or equipment fast enough to meet demand promises to worsen as explorers cancel more contracts and abandon projects to wait out the rout.

Drillers idled 60 rigs this week, shrinking the active nationwide fleet to 378 machines, according to data from Baker Hughes Co. on Friday. On a percentage basis, this week’s decline was the worst since February 2006.

The Permian Basin of West Texas and New Mexico accounted for 62% of this week’s shutdowns, an ominous signal for the industry because that region has for many years been one of the only areas where production still turned a profit.

Exploration also declined in shale formations in South Texas, North Dakota, Wyoming, Colorado and Oklahoma.

Benchmark U.S. crude futures were trading around $17 a barrel when the Baker Hughes tally was released. As recently as the second week of January, they were above $65.