美國(guó)原油價(jià)格創(chuàng)1999年以來(lái)新低

據(jù)能源世界網(wǎng)4月20日新加坡報(bào)道，原油期貨價(jià)格周一下跌，美國(guó)原油期貨觸及1999年以來(lái)的最低水平，因疫情影響，需求下滑和人們擔(dān)心美國(guó)儲(chǔ)油設(shè)施很快將被填滿，油價(jià)繼續(xù)下跌。

因石油輸出國(guó)組織（OPEC）和IEA的大量原油市場(chǎng)疲軟報(bào)告和嚴(yán)峻的預(yù)測(cè)使石油市場(chǎng)承壓。

由于需求下降，煉油廠減產(chǎn)產(chǎn)量下降，美國(guó)西德克薩斯中級(jí)原油（WTI）合約的交貨點(diǎn)俄克拉荷馬州庫(kù)欣市所持有的石油量正在增加。

格林尼治時(shí)間01：42，5月WTI合約價(jià)下跌2.62美元，至每桶15.65美元，跌幅14％。 該合約曾一度下跌多達(dá)21％，跌至每桶14.47美元的低點(diǎn)，為1999年3月以來(lái)的最低水平。

該合約周二到期，交易更加活躍的6月合約下跌1.28美元，至每桶23.75美元，跌幅5.1％。 布倫特原油下跌21美分，跌幅0.8％，至每桶27.87美元。

CMC Markets駐悉尼首席市場(chǎng)策略師邁克爾·麥卡錫(Michael McCarthy)表示，原油價(jià)格暴跌反映出美國(guó)庫(kù)欣(Cushing)主要存儲(chǔ)設(shè)施供過(guò)于求，需求大幅下降。

他表示，儲(chǔ)存尚未達(dá)到極限，但人們擔(dān)心會(huì)達(dá)到極限。他補(bǔ)充道，一旦達(dá)到極限，生產(chǎn)商將不得不減產(chǎn)。

歐佩克及其盟國(guó)如俄羅斯的減產(chǎn)也將從5月開(kāi)始。該組織已同意減少970萬(wàn)桶/日的產(chǎn)量，以遏制因防止疫情擴(kuò)散和停止商業(yè)活動(dòng)的命令導(dǎo)致不斷增長(zhǎng)的供應(yīng)過(guò)剩。

面對(duì)全球燃料需求估計(jì)下降30%的情況，石油行業(yè)一直在迅速減產(chǎn)。沙特阿拉伯官員曾預(yù)測(cè)，全球石油生產(chǎn)國(guó)減產(chǎn)總量可能接近2,000萬(wàn)桶/天，但其中包括美國(guó)和加拿大等國(guó)的自愿減產(chǎn)，這些國(guó)家無(wú)法像多數(shù)OPEC國(guó)家那樣簡(jiǎn)單地開(kāi)啟或關(guān)閉產(chǎn)量。

包括雪佛龍、BP和道達(dá)爾(在內(nèi)的許多石油巨頭都宣布減產(chǎn)。但經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)正在放緩，原油現(xiàn)貨市場(chǎng)和估計(jì)創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的1.6億桶船上石油儲(chǔ)備表明，油價(jià)將繼續(xù)下跌。

McCarthy稱，仍有人擔(dān)心每日1,000萬(wàn)桶的減產(chǎn)不足以抵消需求下滑的影響，因此油價(jià)前景依然低迷。

根據(jù)Evercore ISI分析師詹姆斯·韋斯特（James West）的周日?qǐng)?bào)告，北美勘探和生產(chǎn)公司的預(yù)算同比下降了約36％，而國(guó)際公司的預(yù)算則下降了23％。

郝芬 譯自 能源世界網(wǎng)

原文如下：

US oil falls more than 10 per cent to lows not seen since 1999

Crude oil futures fell on Monday, with US futures touching levels not seen since 1999, extending weakness on the back of sliding demand and concerns that US storage facilities will soon fill to the brim amid the coronavirus pandemic.

The oil market has been under pressure due to a spate of reports on weak fuel consumption and grim forecasts from the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and the International Energy Angency.

The volume of oil held in US at Cushing, Oklahoma, the delivery point for the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) contract, is rising as refiners throttle back activity due to slumping demand.

The front-month May WTI contract was down $2.62, or 14%, to $15.65 a barrel by 0142GMT. At one point, the contract had fallen as much as 21% to hit a low of $14.47 a barrel, the lowest since March 1999.

That contract is expiring on Tuesday, and the June contract , which is becoming more actively traded, fell $1.28, or 5.1%, to $23.75 a barrel. Brent was also weaker, down 21 cents, or 0.8%, to $27.87 a barrel.

The plunge in crude oil prices reflects a glut at the main US storage facilities at Cushing and a big drop in demand, said Michael McCarthy, chief market strategist at CMC Markets in Sydney.

"It hasn't reach capacity but the fear is that it will," he said, adding that once the maximum capacity is reached, producers will have to cut output.

Production cuts from OPEC and its allies such as Russia will also kick from May. The group has agreed to reduce output by 9.7 million bpd to stem a growing supply glut after stay-at-home orders and business furloughs to curb the COVID-19 pandemic。

The oil industry has been swiftly reducing production in the face of an estimated 30% decline in fuel demand worldwide. Saudi Arabian officials have forecast that total global supply cuts from oil producers could amount to nearly 20 million bpd, but that includes voluntary cuts from nations like the United States and Canada, which cannot simply turn on or off production in the same way as most OPEC nations.

Numerous majors have announced supply reductions, including Chevron Corp, BP plc and Total SA. But economic growth is sagging, and physical crude markets and an estimated record 160 million barrels of oil stored onboard ships suggest prices will keep falling.

"There's still some concern that the 10 million barrels per day cut won't be enough to offset demand destruction so the outlook for oil prices remain subdued," McCarthy said.

North American exploration and production companies have cut their budgets by roughly 36% on a year-over-year basis, according to a Sunday note from James West, analyst at Evercore ISI, while international companies have cut budgets by 23%.